Types of steel and their purpose

Steel for carburizing: Machines' elements with a required top layer with high hardness and ductile core. Gears, worms, shafts, bushings, of large dimensions, succumb to very high pressures and loads.

16HG/16MnCr5 STEEL
16HG or 16MnCr5 are steels for carburizing. Products made from those steels are characterized by high resistance. Those types of steel have specific properties – they are characterized by considerable ductility of the core at high surface hardness. 16hHG is mostly used for the production of medium loaded machine elements with small dimensions (up to 30 mm). Therefore, they are primarily: screws, bushings, gears, pins, camshafts and forming plates. Welding the 16HG or 16MnCr5 steels is only possible before carburizing.

18HGT STEEL
18HGT is construction steel, common for carburizing, thanks to its increased alloying. It is characterized by high surface hardness and core strength with uniform tenacity. It is used for the production of small and medium elements, heavily loaded. These are mostly: gears, differential parts, and transmission shafts. When using larger cross-sections, the core properties deteriorate. Welding 18HGT steel is only possible before and after carburizing.

 

STEEL FOR TOUGHENING

Steel for toughening: for heavily loaded parts, exposed to impacts, torsion, vibrations: shafts, crankshafts, rotors and discs of steam turbines, spindles, levers, vehicle shafts, connecting rods, pump and press shafts, control parts, rings, etc.

40H/41Cr4 STEEL
40H and 41Cr4 are the chrome steels for toughening and surface quenching.
They form heavily loaded medium-sized parts (up to 40 mm). These are mainly: bushings, axles, crankshafts, gears, piston rods, abrasive discs, instrument bodies, fasteners, surface hardening elements and molds with longer durability. 40H steel is easy to chemically treat, but hard to weld - this process is only possible after preheating. After finishing the preheating, apply heat treatment.

C45 STEEL
C45 is non-alloy quality steel for quenching and tempering. It is characterized by high durability and ductility. It is used for the production of medium loaded machine and equipment elements, more resistant to abrasion. These are mainly: axles, shafts, spindles, unhardened gears, shafts of electric motors, knives, corkscrews, wheel hubs, rods, rollers, discs, screws, levers, pump rotors. C45 steel is easy to process, but hard to weld. Elements made of it can be surface quenched - then they obtain hardness up to 50 - 60 HRC.

35HGS STEEL
35HGS is construction steel for toughening and surface quenching. It is characterized by high abrasion resistance and high durability. It is used to manufacture heavily loaded components (but after thermal improvement or quenching), which are mainly used in the construction of medium-sized machines. Those are shafts, axles, connecting rods, spindles, levers and semi-axles of trucks and tractors. 35HGS steel is hard to weld, but it is susceptible to mechanical treatment and cutting.

STEEL S355I2
S355I2 is a universal, low-alloy, high-quality construction steel. It is characterized by high strength and tenacity, good processing and fine graining. S355I2 is steel with guaranteed weldability at an increased yield point. It is susceptible to cutting with a gas torch and plasma. It is used for the production of machine parts, engines, and entire machines. From this steel can be created: pressure pipes, bridges, tanks, machine construction elements, etc.

 

CREEP-RESISTING STEEL

Creep-resisting steel: for work at high temperatures on responsible machine parts, accessories in the construction of steam turbines, rotor shafts, bolts, nuts and for the construction of pressure equipment intended for operation at high temperatures.

 

HOT-WORK TOOL STEEL

Tool steel for hot work: Mold components for pressure casting, tools for extrusion of low melting alloys, matrix inserts, stamping dies, punches, punches, forging dies working under high load, hammer dies of medium size and deep cuts, loaded matrix inserts, tools for extrusion, thread rolling jaws, drawing dies, copper alloy pressing dies, etc.

 

CARBON, NON-ALLOY AND FREE-MACHINING STEEL

Carbon and non-alloy steel: Medium load parts, such as axles, crankshafts, eccentric and toothed shafts, spindles, rollers, pump rotors, pistons, levers, wedges, rods, screws, rings, etc. Welded, riveted and joined constructions arise from non-alloy steel bolts, operating at ambient temperature.

Free-machining steel: For machining on automatic cutting machines and high-speed thread cutting machines.